The pelvic diaphragm is composed of the levator ani and the coccygeus muscle. To achieve both these tasks, the pelvic floor is composed of several overlapping sheets of muscles and connective tissues. The pelvic floor has two inherently conflicting functions: One is to close the pelvic and abdominal cavities and bear the load of the visceral organs the other is to control the openings of the rectum and urogenital organs that pierce the pelvic floor and make it weaker. Pelvic floor Female perineum Male perineum Ligaments: obturator membrane, inguinal ligament ( lacunar ligament, iliopectineal arch)Īlternatively, the pelvis is divided into three planes: the inlet, midplane, and outlet. The pelvic outlet or inferior pelvic aperture is the region between the subpubic angle or pubic arch, the ischial tuberosities and the coccyx. The pelvic inlet or superior pelvic aperture, which leads into the lesser pelvis, is bordered by the promontory, the arcuate line of ilium, the iliopubic eminence, the pecten of the pubis, and the upper part of the pubic symphysis. The pelvic cavity is a body cavity that is bounded by the bones of the pelvis and which primarily contains reproductive organs and the rectum.Ī distinction is made between the lesser or true pelvis inferior to the terminal line, and the greater or false pelvis above it.
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